Token pasting operator in c language

/* use of token pasting operator with Output *///Token pasting operator is used to concatenate two tokens into a single token.#include#define PASTE(a,b) a##b#define MARKS(sub) marks_##subint main(){int k1=15,k2=60;int marks_os= 95, marks_ds=99;//converting statement below to printf("%d %d",k1,k2)printf("%d...

nesting of macros in c language with output

How to write code for nesting of macros in c language#include#define ISLOWER(c) (c>=97&&c<=122) #define ISUPPER(c) (c>=65&&c<=90)#define ISALPHA(c) ISLOWER(c) || ISUPPER(c)int main(){char chr;printf("Enter a character:\n");scanf("%c",&chr);if (ISALPHA(chr) ){printf("%c...

c program const use with source code

/* Use of const with output */#includevoid main(){int const * p=5;printf("%d",++(*p));}Explanation:p is a pointer to a "constant integer". But we tried to change the value of the "constant intege...

Array in cprogramming

/*Array in c program with code*/#includemain(){char s[ ]="man";int i;for(i=0;s[ i ];i++)printf("\n%c%c%c%c",s[ i ],*(s+i),*(i+s),i[s]);}Explanation:As we know array name is the base address for that array. Here s is the base address and i is the index number/displacement from the base address....

Void Pointer example in c language

/* How to use of void pointer in c language*/#includemain(){int a=10,*j;void *k;j=k=&a;j++;k++;printf("\n %u %u ",j,k);}Explanation:Void pointers are generic pointers and they can be used only when the type is not known and as an intermediate address storage type. No pointer arithmetic...

How to write C Program to calculate L.C.M and G.C.D of two numbers using function

Program source codevoid gcd(int,int);void lcm(int,int);int main(){int a,b;printf("Enter two numbers: \t");scanf("%d %d",&a,&b);lcm(a,b);gcd(a,b);return 0;}//function to calculate l.c.mvoid lcm(int a,int b){int m,n;m=a;n=b;while(m!=n){if(mm=m+a;elsen=n+b;}printf("\nL.C.M of %d &...

Enter a four digit number and display it in words conversion

C Program to enter a four digit number and display it in wordsvoid main(){int n,num,d=0,dig[4];//Array of strings for numbers from one two tenchar *ones[]={" ", "One","Two","Three","Four","Five","Six","Seven","Eight","Nine","Ten"};//Array of strings for numbers from ten to nineteenchar *el[]={"Ten","Eleven","Twelve","Thirteen","Fourteen","Fifteen","Sixteen","Seventeen","Eighteen","Nineteen"};//...

Functioning of printf : Inability to perform conversions

Functioning of printf : Inability to perform conversions using code with outputprintf("%f\n",6);printf("%d",18.0);}Both the above results are unexpected. The reason is that first we let printf to convert 6 to 6.0Then we let printf to convert 18.0 to 18But printf is not intelligent enough to...

swap values of two variables using call by reference comments

How to write C Program to swap values of two variables using call by reference#include//function to swap valuesvoid swap(int *a,int *b){int temp;temp=*a;*a=*b;*b=temp;printf("\nValues of a and b within the function: %d %d",*a,*b);}int main(){int a,b;//Accept value of a & bprintf("\nEnter...

sprintf() function | implementation | how to

c program sprintf() function:This function is same as printf() function but it sends the formatted output to a string instead of screen.So we can convert a variable data type into string using sprintf() function./*Program to illustrate the use of sprintf() function*/#includeint main(){//declare...

sscanf() function:c program

sscanf() function using string in c language sscanf() function:c programThis function is same as scanf() function but it reads from string rather than standard input./*Program to illustrate the use of sscanf() function*/#includeint main(){//declare two stringschar s1[20]="1234";char s2[20]="345.67";//declare...

Swap values of two variables using call by value | output | comments

Swap values of two variables using call by value | output | commentsvoid swap(int a,int b){int temp;temp=a;a=b;b=temp;printf("\nValues of a and b within the function: %d %d",a,b);}int main(){int a,b;//Accept value of a & bprintf("\nEnter value of a:");scanf("%d",&a);printf("\nEnter...

Random Access To File: rewind() using function

How to write C program code | Random Access To File: rewind() using functionThe rewind function is used to move the position of file pointer to the beginning of file. The rewind() function is useful if we want to update a given file.struct instrument{int id;char name[30];float price;}instr;int...

Passing Arguments to Function: Call by value & Call by Reference

We can pass arguments to a function by following two ways:1)Call by Value2)Call by Reference1) Call by Value:In Call by Value, only the values taken by the arguments are sent to the function. In call by value any changes made to the formal arguments do not cause any change to the actual arguments.2)...

Random Access To File: ftell() | fseek() function

Random Access To File: ftell()2. ftell()ftell() function returns the current position of the file pointer. It returns the value after counting from the beginning of the file.Following program will make its functioning more clear:/*Program to understand working of ftell() function*/#includestruct...

Storage Classes in C: Static (static) | register | Auto

 Storage Classes in C: Static (static)how to write code for Storage Classes in C: Static (static)3)Static:There are two types of static variables:(i) Local Static Variables(ii)Global Static Variables(i)Local Static Variables:The scope of local static variable is same as that of an automatic...

Storage Classes in C: External (extern)

Storage Classes in C: External (extern) | outputExternal:Those variables that are needed by many functions and files can be declared using the external variables.The uninitialized external variables are assigned zero as their initial value.The keyword extern is used for declaring the variables...

Addition of matrix | 5*5 matrix addition

Addition of 5*5 matrix void main(){int a[5][5],i,j,row[5];clrscr();//Read Matrixprintf("\n-----Enter 5X5 matrix below:-------\n");for(i=0;i<5;i++){for(j=0;j<5;j++){scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);}}//Display Matrixprintf("\n\n----- The matrix you entered is:-------\n");for(i=0;i<5;i++){for(j=0;j<5;j++){printf("%d\t",a[i][j]);}printf("\n");}//Perform...

even or odd using bitwise AND

/*Program to check whether a given number is even or odd using bitwise AND */int main(){int n;//mask having least significant bit 1 and other bits are 0int msk=0x1;//Accept any numberprintf("Enter a number:\n");scanf("%d",&n);//A number will be odd if its least significant bit//i.e the...

How to Write Program for file I/O using fread and fwrite

How to Write Program for file I/O using fread and fwritestruct employee{int id;int name[30];float sal;}emp;int main(){int i,n;FILE *fwptr,*frptr;//open file for writingfwptr=fopen("emp.dat","wb");// checking if file exists or notif(fwptr==NULL){printf("File doesn't exist");return 0;}//Accepting...

frequency of a given string within the string

/*How To find the frequency of a given string within the string*/#define MAXS 256void main(){char s[MAXS],t[MAXS];char *p;int count=0;// Accept stringprintf("Enter some string:\n");gets(s);//Accept substringprintf("Enter search pattern:\n");gets(t);//Move pointer to the begining of stringp=s-1;//...

remove all the comments from a C

/*Program to remove all the comments from a C program*/int main(){char c1,c2,src[30],dest[30];FILE *fsrc,*fdest;/*Accept names of source and destination files */printf("Enter the names of source and destination files:\n");scanf("%s %s",src,dest);/*opening source file */fsrc=fopen(src,"r");if(fsrc==NULL){printf("Source...

print the bit pattern of a 16 bit integer

/* How to write Program for printing the bit pattern of a 16 bit integer with comments*///declaring function bit(int)void bit(int);void main(){int val;printf("Enter the value of integer to print its bit pattern:\n");scanf("%d",&val);printf("The bit pattern for integer %d is\n",val);//printing...

swapping of of 2 integers using bitwise XOR operator

swapping of of 2 integers using bitwise XOR operator./*Program to swap the values of 2 integers using bitwise XOR operator*/#include void main(){int value1, value2;printf("Enter the values of two integers:\n");scanf("%d %d",&value1,&value2);printf("\n-----------Before Swapping-------------");printf("\nBefore...

perform I/O in a given file using Integer I/O

 perform I/O in a given file using Integer I/O/* Program to perform I/O in a given file using Integer I/O */#include<stdio.h>main(){//declaring pointer to fileFILE *fp;int num;char chr='\n';printf("------------Writing in file:-----------------\n");/* Writing in File*///Opening file...

perform I/O in a given file using Character I/O with comments

 perform I/O in a given file using Character I/O /* Program to perform I/O in a given file using Character I/O */#include<stdio.h>main(){//declaring pointer to fileFILE *fp;char chr;printf("------------Writing in file:-----------------\n");/* Writing in File*///Opening file...

Pyramid | Star pattern | for loop | source code

Pyramid | Star pattern | for loop  | source code  * To print Pyramid Pattern shown below        *      * * *    * * * * *  * * * * * * ** * * * * * * * **/#include<stdio.h>int main(){int i,j,n;printf("Enter...

c program print Pyramid from 4 to 10

 Pyramid Pattern no. 4 1to 10 with code/* To print Pyramid Pattern shown below23 44 5 65 6 7 86 7 8 9 10*/#include<stdio.h>int main(){int i,j,n,k=2;printf("Enter no. of lines: ");scanf( "%d",&n);//for loop for number of linesfor(i=1;i<=n;i++) { k=i+1; for(j=1;j<=i;j++)...

how to print the pyramid in c language

/* To print Pyramid Pattern shown below12 23 3 34 4 4 45 5 5 5 5*/#include<stdio.h>int main(){int i,j,n;printf("Enter no. of lines: ");scanf( "%d",&n);//for loop for number of linesfor(i=1;i<=n;i++){ //for loop for number of starsfor(j=1;j<=i;j++){printf("%d ",i);\}\printf...

Difference between malloc() and calloc() | Dynamic Memory Allocation

What is Difference between malloc() and calloc()malloc():Declaration:void * malloc(size_t size);It is used to allocate memory dynamically. The argument size is used to specify the number of bytes to be allocated.The type size_t is defined in stdlib.h as unsigned int.If malloc() is successful...

UNDERSTANDING THE USE OF realloc() FUNCTION

UNDERSTANDING THE USE OF realloc() FUNCTIONrealloc():Declaration:void *realloc(void *ptr, size_t newsize);It is used for reallocation of memory. If we want to increase or decrease the memory that have already been allocated by malloc() or calloc().The memory size is altered without any loss...

Unformatted Input functions: getch() | getche() | getchar() | fgetchar()

 Unformatted I/O functions : getch() , getche() , getchar() , fgetchar()#include<stdio.h>#include<conio.h>int main(){char ch;printf("\n(using getch) Press any key to continue..");//character will not be echoed by getch()getch();printf("\n(Using getche())Press any key to echo..."...

Unformatted Output functions in c

/*How to write Program to illustrate unformatted Output: putch(), putchar(), fputchar()*/putch(), putchar(), fputchar() all are used to output one character at a time.#include<stdio.h>#include<conio.h>int main(){char ch='z';printf("\nBy using putch:");putch(ch);printf("\nBy using...

Difference between functions and macro

We should not leave a space between the macro template and its argument in the macro definition.#define SQUARE (x) (x*x)int main(){int n,m;printf("Enter the number to find the square:");scanf("%d",&n);m=SQUARE(n);printf("Square of %d is %d",n, m);}The above program won’t run. It wouldn’t...

importance of enclosing macro expansion wihtin parentheses

 importance of enclosing macro expansion wihtin parentheses /* Program to illustrate the importance of enclosing macro expansion wihtin parentheses */If we fail to enclose the entire macro expansion in the parentheses then we may get some unexpected results.Consider the following program:#include<stdio.h>#define...

Array Initialization with different storage classes

Array InitializationFollowing are the examples that demonstrate this:1) int n[4]={1,2,3,4};2) int num[]={1,2,3,4};If we do not specify the values of array elements they contain garbage values.If we initialize the array where it is declared than it is optional to specify the dimension. As shown...

Bound Checking of an Array in C

Bound Checking of an Array in CIn C there is no check to see whether the bounds of an array exceeds the size of the array.We know that array elements are placed in contiguous memory locations.If data is entered having a subscript exceeding array size then it is placed in memory outside the...

ARRAYS: Introduction, working and advantages

ARRAYS: Introduction, working and advantagesDefinition:An array is a set of similar data types.E.g. int marks[6];--> In the above statement int is a data type of variable and marks is the name of the variable.-->We can have 6 elements which are marks[0], marks[1], marks[2], marks[3],...

Comparing two strings using pointers

How to write Program for comparing two strings using pointers*///function for comparing two stringsint pstrcmp(const char *str1,const char *str2){while(*str1!='\0'&&*str2!='\0'&&*str1==*str2){str1++;str2++;}//value returned when strings are of equal lengthif(*str1==*str2)return...

How to print table of 1st 10 natural numbers

 How to print table of 1st 10 natural numbers /*Program to print table of 1st 10 natural numbers*/#include<stdio.h>#include<conio.h>//main functionvoid main (){int i,j;clrscr();//first for loop for incrementing numberfor(i=1;i<11;i++){ //second for loop for printing the...

How to read a file and display it in c

 How to read a file and display it in c /*Program to read a file and display it*/#include<stdio.h>#include<conio.h>void main(){FILE *fp;int ch;char fname[32];clrscr();//Accept file nameprintf("Enter File name:\n");scanf("%s",fname);//open filefp=fopen(fname,"r");if(fp==NULL){printf("ERROR:File...

Add and display record using structures and file

How to add and display record using structures and file (fprintf) /*Program to add and display record using structures and file*/#include<stdio.h>#include<conio.h>//structure for personstruct person{char name[30];unsigned long pn;};//main functionint main(){int choice;FILE...

Programming language basics

Programs means what we  understand?it  shows like programming language .programming language shows programs which include ..examples  of c language , c++ programming  ,examples of  java programming language , asp.net with c# and VB .next is old language that is perl...